Scholarly articles on corporal punishment. A Case against Corporal PunishmentThe Center for Parenting Education 2019-01-13

“Corporal Punishment in Schools and Its Effect on Academic Success” Joint HRW/ACLU Statement

. The difference between discipline and physical punishment Physical or corporal punishment is the use of force to cause pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control Straus and Stewart 1999. Moral and ethical arguments are equally important. A landmark meta-analysis published in 2002 showed that of 27 studies on physical punishment and child aggression conducted up to that time that met the criteria of the meta-analysis , all found a significant positive relation, regardless of the size of the sample, location of study, ages of the children or any other variable. Adolescent Health 385, 388 2003.

Corporal Punishment in the Home: Parenting Tool or Parenting Fail…

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effect of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior of children using stronger statistical controls than earlier literature in this area; to examine whether the effect of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior is nonlinear; and to investigate whether the effects of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior differ across racial and ethnic groups. Edmonton Journal, January 31, 2004. Corporal punishment may legitimise violence for children in interpersonal relationships because they tend to internalise the social relations they experience Vygotsky 1978. The shaping of New Testament narrative and salvation teachings by painful childhood experience. There were 1,811 children in the sample, and their average age was slightly over 10 years. Unfortunately, many still find this completely acceptable. The American Academy of Pediatrics and numerous other have come down firmly against the use of physical punishment by parents, but unlike 34 other developed nations there are no federal.

Corporal Punishment in the Home: Parenting Tool or Parenting Fail…

There are many ways parents can discipline their children without hitting them and scaring them into submission. These can be tough questions. Straus, a co-author of ''Beating the Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment by American Families and Its Effects on Children. A general principle in all of psychology is that the results are far superior when behavior is managed by using a positive approach, such as rewarding a desirable behavior, rather than when a negative approach such as punishment, is used. James Dobson, a conservative Christian psychologist, who advises that ''the spanking should be of sufficient magnitude to cause the child to cry genuinely.

Corporal punishment is still legal (and used) in US public schools in 19 states: Used disproportionately on black children, boys, and children with disabilities

A version of this article appears in print on August 25, 2001, on Page A00006 of the National edition with the headline: Findings Give Some Support To Advocates of Spanking. The Society for Adolescent Medicine estimated that in 2003, when over 270,000 children were corporally punished in school, 10,000-20,000 children had to seek medical attention as a result of corporal punishment in public schools. The study assessed which states and school districts are utilizing corporal punishment, and which children are punished using corporal punishment within these public schools. To have a coach or assistant principal display a large paddle in their office provides many students with enough incentive to listen to their teachers. The biblical approach to spanking. But the methods used to inculcate discipline are plenty, and parents and those in authority are often debating over whether or not to use corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure. What if a plastic pipe is used? About two-thirds of the children in the sample were insecurely attached, a figure about twice as high as would be expected from the general population.

Pros and Cons of Corporal Punishment

Gershoff 2002a:544 In part because of the methodological problems with studies of corporal punishment, advocates of corporal punishment have dismissed many of these negative findings Larzelere 2000, Larzelere and Kuhn 2005. Her view coincides with guidelines issued in 1998 by the American Academy of Pediatrics, which recommend that ''parents be encouraged and assisted in developing methods other than spanking in response to undesired behavior. Miller-Perrin has authored numerous journal articles and book chapters covering a range of topics, including physical punishment, child maltreatment, family violence, and vocation and life purpose. So far, there is no scientific evidence to support that corporal punishment is an effective behavior modification technique and only a meager gruel of which at best show that it may not be quite as harmful as most experts think. Spanking is most commonly used to discipline preschool and school-aged children, but sadly about 15% of children under the age of 1 year are spanked. Use increases as family income decreases, and black children are much more likely to be spanked than white kids.

Pros and Cons of Corporal Punishment

For many progressive Christians and biblical scholars including many Conservative Protestant scholars , the Bible should be read with an understanding of the cultural context in which its passages were written. There are a number of reasons why this is so. The use of physical punishment is deeply embedded in our culture and history, but it is a clear and preventable health risk for children. Perceived normativeness moderated the association between punishment and child aggression and anxiety. They may enjoy learning, but would rather not deal with the structure of the classroom.

Physical punishment of children: lessons from 20 years of research

It is also important to note that Jesus never advocated for physical discipline of children. Ten Negative Effects of Corporal Punishment The negative results of using corporal punishment indicate that any short-term benefit in temporary compliance that comes from frightening a child with the threat or act of being hit carries too high an emotional price. Spanking and child development: We know enough now to stop hitting our children. In many of these cases, students were punished for exhibiting behaviors related to their disabilities, such as autism or Tourette's syndrome. Parenting Quality and Physical Punishment So: are parents who spank their children different on other dimensions of parenting? Despite the many problems associated with the hitting or paddling of students, corporal punishment is a legal form of school discipline in 20 states. Moreover, the highest number of physical discipline incidents that we look at—five incidents over the span of a week—is a low threshold and as such, our analysis may not capture negative parenting skills associated with daily, repeated punishment.

Findings Give Some Support To Advocates of Spanking

She is a licensed clinical psychologist who has worked with maltreated, developmentally delayed, and other troubled children and their families. If corporal punishment is used, children may obey out of fear, not out of an understanding of the limits set. A Violent Education, at 72 interview with Abrea T. Examples of spanking apologetics are everywhere online. I believe that many pediatricians and other pediatric healthcare professionals employ compartmentalization when it comes to acceptable corporal punishment versus physical abuse, and rationalize the probable abuse as a parental right. Are Christian parents biblically mandated to spank their children? Childhood Social Development: Contemporary Perspectives, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hove pp. The use of physical punishment has been associated with many negative social outcomes, including aggression, disruptive behaviour in school, lack of acceptance by peers, crime and delinquency.

Is Corporal Punishment an Effective Means of Discipline?

And a 1999 study found that 94 percent of 3- and 4-year-olds in the United States had been spanked at least once by a parent in the last year. Larzelere, PhD Nebraska Medical Center , and Philip Cowan, PhD Univ. Here is a terrible article giving. Smith in press Effective Discipline and Supporting Change, and in A. These studies varied in the age of the children studied 1—16 years , the type of data gathered most, however, were parental self-report , and the experimental design most were cross-sectional. Teaches Children About Violence When a child is raised in a world of corporal punishment, they often internalize these lessons and begin to believe that violence is the answer to every problem that they experience along the way.

Journal article reignites debate over corporal punishment

Reported parental harshness was associated with negative teacher reports of child adjustment at school and parental reports of behaviour problems at home. The other item indicates whether the mother hit her child during the home observation. Lowered Costs For Schools and Teachers What many corporal punishment detractors fail to realize is that the process of coming up with other punishments for unruly children and making them stick is quite costly. Perhaps America lost interest because most Americans hit their kids, and most think that that is the way it should be. Baumrind argued that, without compelling evidence that spanking is harmful, parents should be free to rear their children in accordance with their own values and traditions. Count to ten, take deep breaths, remove yourself from the situation until you are calm assuming the child is safe , even if you have to leave the child in his crib. The two studies I provided links to above are the most recent and best to date, and provide solid evidence to support concerns that spanking actually plays a causal role in future aggressive behavior and interference with cognitive development.