Circular flow of income ppt. Circular Flow of Income: 2 Sector, 3 Sector and 4 Sector Economy 2019-02-19
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Circular Flow of Money
Besides this, it also receives interests and dividends for the investments made. Unending Nature of Economic Activities- It signifies that production, income and expenditure are of unending nature, therefore, economic activities in an economy can never come to a halt. Leakages withdrawals from the circular flow Not all income will flow from households to businesses directly. The pie shape diagram provides text placeholders for all 6 segments and circle as a core unit in the middle. Just copy paste and enter your text to make your presentations professional. Thus, the identity iii shows that the value of output produced or sold is equal to the total income received.
Th er e is li tt le sc ope fo r th e bl in d ap pl ic at io n of conclusions regarding individuals to the economic system as a whole, therefore, great action and care is needed for the application of microeconomic conclusions to the field of macroe conomi cs. On the other hand, purchases of foreign-made goods and services by domestic households are called imports. You will find templates different stages of circular flows or cycles. Key Features: 100% editable, power to you, you are free to edit, add content, add or delete images, team profiles, add and modify graphs and more. This can be represented by the money flow from the financial market to the Government and is labelled as Government borrowing To avoid confusion we have not drawn this money flow from financial market to the Government. Hence, there is a perfe ct just ific ation for evolvi ng and developing macroeconomics as a separate branch of economics analysis. In other words, investment is injection of some money in circular flow of income.
In this case when the leakages increase they will continue to rise until they are equal to the level injections. This is acceptable, because like income, the total value of all goods is equal to the total amount of money spent on goods. An individual may become rich by finding a few currency notes but no country will become rich by printing few more notes. Saving-Investment Identity in National Income Accounts in a Two Sector Economy : Despite the fact that people who save are different from the business firms which primarily invest, in national income accounts savings are identical or always equal to investment in a simple two sector economy having no roles of Government and foreign trade. The diagram goes on to illustrate the flow of money between the two sectors of the economy.
The firm then converts these resources into goods that they sell in the output market. An example of a tax collected by the government as a leakage is income tax and an injection into the economy can be when the government redistributes this income in the form of welfare payments that is a form of government spending back into the economy. When labor is provided, people get paid and that allows them to buy goods and services. Gross Domestic ProductThe sum of the red flows equals the blue flow. These two entities capture the ideas of consumption household and production firm. The values added at each stage of production over the previous stage are respectively P10, P20, and P30. Rest of the world sector.
All these institutions together are called financial institutions or financial market. To finance the deficit budget, the Government will borrow from the financial market. Rate of interest, which is the price for the use of savings, is determined by saving and investment. Many goods can be justified as intermediate as well as final goods depending on their use. In our analysis, we assume it is only the business firms of the domestic economy that interact with foreign countries and therefore export and import goods and services. Thus Government borrowing reduces private investment in the economy.
Circular Process Flow ppt template free download: Fully Editable
Income Phase- Producing firms earn revenue from the sale of goods and services produced by them. In opposite direction to this, money flows from business firms to the households as factor payments such as wages, rent, interest and profits. Generally, exports and imports are not equal to each other. In other words, the flow of money income will not always continue at a constant level. In the open economy there is interaction between countries not only through exports and imports of goods and services but also through borrowing and lending funds or what is also called financial market. Macroeconomics: analysis of the economy as a whole. Then flow of investment expenditure is shown as borrowing by business firms from the financial market.
Circular Flow of Income: 2 Sector, 3 Sector and 4 Sector Economy
Usually expenditures by private individuals, expenditures by businesses, and expenditures by government are calculated separately and then summed to give the total expenditure. Basically, in the computation, say of total agricultural production or total national income, it is very tough to obtain correct figures of production or income of all production units or individuals. Wages, proprietors incomes, and corporate profits are the major subdivisions of income. The cyclic flow of segments displays relationship of two components as two semi-circles. Measuring national income at purchasing power parity may overcome this problem at the risk of overvaluing basic goods and services, for example subsistence farming. In case of cash deficit, the government borrows from the capital market to maintain a balance in the economy.
On the contrary, flow of money expenditure on exports of a domestic economy has been shown to be taking place from foreign countries to the business firms of the domestic economy. You can modify these templates to suit your requirement as they are fully editable. If exports exceed imports, the economy has a surplus balance of payment. Real flow is the exchange of goods and services between household and firms whereas money flow is the monetary exchange between two sectors. Thus the ultimate effect of either the fall in planned investment or the increase in planned savings is the same, namely, the fall in income, output, employment and prices with the result that the flow of money will contract. If a firm has stockholders, they own the residual, some of which they receive as dividends.
In case exports exceed imports, the economy faces a deficit balance of payment. It is an excellent basis for my revision. National income is also bound to rise in future. The red flow Irepresents this investment expenditure by firms. This method, too, has its limitations. If there is no consumption, there will be no demand and expenditure which in facts restricts the amount of production and income. This is so because the flow of money is a measure of national income and will, therefore, change with changes in the national income.
