Alan turing computing machinery and intelligence summary. Squashed Philosophers 2019-03-02
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Turing Test and Machine Intelligence
One can hope that the future will give the acknowledgment to Turing that his contributions to an increasingly important field deserve. The human computer is supposed to be following fixed rules; he has no authority to deviate from them in any detail. But there the systematic method is not possible. Nevertheless I believe that at the end of the century the use of words and general educated opinion will have altered so much that one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted. Provided it is made clear which are proved facts and which are conjectures, no harm can result.
Computing machinery and intelligence by Alan Turing
It could be argued the field of computing started quite early, philosophers such as Descartes and Hobbes contemplating the nature of the mind and machine, and similarities between the two. In this case, why is he responding to the objections? A very large part of space-time must be investigated, if reliable results are to be obtained. An argument of exactly similar form may be made for the case of machines. This is all described by the YouTube personality Sargon of Akkad in the video below. He then provided a convincing example that helps persuade people with this objection.
Kurzweil predicts similar and inter-connected growth in neuroscience and especially bio-flavored nanotechnology. Of course electricity usually comes in where fast signalling is concerned, so that it is not surprising that we find it in both these connections. They are in isolated rooms and not allowed to see, touch or talk to one another. Naturally they conclude this is true of all machines. Presumably the child-brain is something like a note-book as one buys it from the stationers. Digital computers Turing also concerned about which kinds of machines we should consider. During the Second World War, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre.
Alan M. Turing, Computing machinery and intelligence
Definitivamente, la voz de un genio. The store is a store of information, and corresponds to the human computer's paper, whether this is the paper on which he does his calculations or that on which his book of rules is printed. However, this is mere speculation. According to the most extreme form of this view the only way by which one could be sure that a machine thinks is to be the machine and to feel oneself thinking. Suppose Mother wants Tommy to call at the cobbler's every morning on his way to school to see if her shoes are done, she can ask him afresh every morning. It is likely to be quite strong in intellectual people, since they value the power of thinking more highly than others, and are more inclined to base their belief in the superiority of Man on this power.
Alan M. Turing, Computing machinery and intelligence
Critique of the new problem Turing described a strong objection to the Imitation Game: it is weighted too heavily against the machine conversely, if the man were to pretend to be the machine he would clearly make a very poor showing. Imitation game consists of three players 1. Therefore, a discrete-state machine like a digital computer can never mimic the behavior of the nervous system. These questions replace our original, 'Can machines think? Turing argues that if the conditions of the imitation game are adhered to, that the interrogator should not be able to tell the difference 227 a. Implicitly, the implication is presumably that this shift of perspective might be interesting and help us think more clearly about the topic. Note that, after just 7 lines, the pioneer computer had run out of memory and Turing had to write-in the last few words by hand. It is an essential property of the mechanical systems which we have called 'discrete state machines' that this phenomenon does not occur.
Such computers have special theoretical interest and will be called infinitive capacity computers. Now a behaviourist would be interested in 1 , but can ignore 2. It is no doubt quite genuine, but I do not think too much importance should be attached to it. In one sits a man A and a woman B. The Argument from Extra-Sensory Perception 1.
On Turing’s “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”
The mathematical objection is from theory of Turing, Church, and others proving that discrete-state machines have inherent limits on their capabilities. On 10 September 2009, following an Internet campaign, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown made an official public apology on behalf of the British government for the way in which Turing was treated after the war. The Computer, Arti ficial Intelligence, and the Turing Test. To take a domestic analogy: suppose Mother wants Tommy to call at the cobbler's every morning on his way to school to see if her shoes are done, she can ask him afresh every morning. While the Turing test is probably the most famous outcome of the paper, a minority of the manuscript is dedicated to it. Turing finds this objection more worthy of consolation than refutation 221 D.
The displacement of a single electron by a billionth of a centimetre at one moment might make the difference between a man being killed by an avalanche a year later, or escaping. Hence no animal or machine can think. If telepathy is admitted it will be necessary to tighten our test up. One might try to make it as simple as possible consistently with the general principles. Q: I have K at my K1, and no other pieces.
